1、Language is “the institution whereby humans communicate and interact with each other by means of habitually used oral-auditory arbitrary symbols，” which was proposed by  （  ）. 单选题 2分

2、Of the following features,（  ）is NOT a suprasegmental feature. 单选题 2分

3、The rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word are called （   ）rules. 单选题 2分

4、In the X-bar theory, the specifier of the phrase “very curious of the answer” is（  ）. 单选题 2分

5、Predication analysis is a way to analyze（   ）meaning. 单选题 2分

6、A （  ）analysis of an utterance reveals what the speaker intends to do with it. 单选题 2分

7、The work of the（   ）marked the beginning of the discovery of Indo-European language family. 单选题 2分

8、There is a difference between what we know, which is our linguistic competence, and how we use this knowledge in actual speech production and （   ）,which is our linguistic performance. 单选题 2分

9、When we speak, words are sent to （   ），which determines the details of their form and pronunciation. 单选题 2分

10、When children's language develops towards the early （   ）stage, negative words occur at the beginning of expressions, for example, “No  mitten，” “No singing song”. 单选题 2分

11、Similar to Saussure, Chomsky thinks that what linguists should study is the ideal speaker’s competence, not his (p ), which is too haphazard to be studied. 填空题 1分

12、The (a ) rule assimilates one sound to another by “copying” a feature of a sequential phoneme. 填空题 1分

13、Syntactically, the part of speech of a compound is generally determined by the part of speech of the (s ) element. 填空题 1分

14、A (c ) sentence contains two or more clauses, one of which is incorporated into the other. 填空题 1分

15、Whether a sentence is semantically meaningful is governed by rules called (s ) restrictions. 填空题 1分

16、According to John Austin, (p ) were sentences which did not state a fact or describe a state, and were not verifiable. 填空题 1分

17、Language change is largely a process of (b ) between the simplification and the elaboration of rules, between the need to reduce memory burdens and the need to maintain communicative clarity. 填空题 1分

18、Sociolinguists are particularly interested in three types of speech variety, or dialects, namely, (r ) dialects, social dialects, and registers. 填空题 1分

19、For most individuals, the (l ) hemisphere is dominant for language. 填空题 1分

20、Adults are motivated to learn a second language because of a communicative need.They may learn a second language in order to use it socially, in which case (i ) motivation occurs. 填空题 1分

21、The grammar taught to learners of a language today is still basically descriptive in the sense that it tells learners what they should say, or what is supposed to be correct usage. 判断题 2分

22、The study of the speech sounds which distinguish meaning is called phonetics. 判断题 2分

23、A bound root， often seen as part of a word, can never stand by itself although it bears clear, definite meaning. 判断题 2分

24、Pronoun is a major lexical category in the English language. 判断题 2分

25、There are two aspects to sentence meaning: lexical meaning and semantic meaning. 判断题 2分

26、The illocutionary point of representatives is to commit the speaker to something's being the case，to the truth of what has been said. 判断题 2分

27、Many of the most basic terms in the English language originate from Middle English. 判断题 2分

28、The sentence “He crazy” is acceptable in Black English vernacular because the absence of the copula “be” is an obvious feature of Black English. 判断题 2分

29、According to Eric Lenneberg, prior to the completion of the lateralization process both brain hemispheres are involved to some extent in language. 判断题 2分

30、It is widely recognized that children across cultures follow a similar route of development in acquiring their native language. 判断题 2分

31、productivity 简答题 3分

32、phones 简答题 3分

33、bound morphemes 简答题 3分

34、universal grammar 简答题 3分

35、entailment 简答题 3分

36、commissives 简答题 3分

37、blending 简答题 3分

38、speech community 简答题 3分

39、brain lateralization 简答题 3分

40、Krashen’s learning 简答题 3分

41、Explain the deletion rule with examples. 简答题 10分

42、Please define semantic change and illustrate the major types of semantic change with examples. 简答题 10分