1、Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks in each sentence taken from the textbooks with the words or expressions shown below. 　　Age discrimination in employment is unrestrained, with arbitrary retirement practices and （1） against hiring older people for available jobs. Social Security （2） the old by reducing their income checks as soon as they （3） more than $2, 400 a year. Job-training programs don't want the （4） (or the middle-aged, for that matter), so there is no opportunity to learn new skills. Employers rarely make （5） for the possible physical limitations of otherwise valuable older employees, and instead they are fired, retired or forced to resign. 填空题 5分

2、Ⅱ.There are four choices marked A,B,C, and D for each incomplete sentence. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. After the medical accident , she was reduced from head nurse to （ ） nurse. 单选题 1分

3、This single market is designed to （ ） barriers to the free movement of goods,services and people. 单选题 1分

4、Ⅲ.Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Americans find it difficult to think about old age until they are propelled into the midst of it by their own aging and that of relatives and friends. 简答题 2分

5、There is the popularly accepted opinion that Social Security and pensions provide a comfortable and reliable flow of funds so the elderly have few financial worries. 简答题 2分

6、This is the American ideal of the＂golden years＂toward which millions of citizens are expectantly toiling through their workdays. 简答题 2分

7、Ⅳ.Translate the following sentences into English. 事情真是如此糟糕吗？让我们首先看一看生存的日常必需品。伴随着年老而来的是贫困或收入的大幅度下降。 简答题 2分

8、美国梦让老人们充满希望，以为只要一生勤勤恳恳，一切终会好的。今天的老人在成长过程中受到的教育是信奉自尊、自立、自主。很多都是能在逆境中生存下来的坚强而果断的人。但即使是坚强的人也会有需要得到帮助的时候。 简答题 2分

9、实际上，应付死亡的问题要比应付年老的问题容易得多。 简答题 2分

10、老年生活既不是本来就痛苦的，也不是本来就美满的。它和生命的每一个阶段一样，有困难、欢乐、恐惧和潜力变老的过程以及最后的死亡必须从根本上就被看作生命周期的自然进程，老年人结束了生命，为年轻人让路。老年的独特之处实际上主要在于变老的事实和死亡的逼近。 简答题 2分

11、这一切都是至关重要且相互关联的因素，它们共同决定一个人晚年生活的质量。 简答题 2分

12、Ⅴ.There are four choices marked A, B, C and D for each incomplete sentence. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 　　Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, men's and women's roles were becoming less firmly fixed. 　　In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam. 　　In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on “overtime” work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods. 　　In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women's liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women's jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion. 　　Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations. 1．Which of the following best express the main idea of Paragraph 1?（ ） A．Women usually worked outside the home for wages. B．Men and women's roles were easily exchanged in the past. C．Men's roles at home were more firmly fixed than women's. D．Men and women's roles were usually quite separated in the past. 2．Which sentence best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?（ ） A．The first sentence. B．The second and the third sentences. C．The fourth sentence. D．The last sentence. 3．In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture （ ）. A．destroyed the United States. B．transformed some American values. C．was not important in the United States. D．brought people more leisure time with their families. 4．It could be inferred from the passage that （ ）. A．men and women will never share the same goals. B．some men will be willing to exchange their traditional male roles. C．most men will be happy to share some of the household responsibilities with their wives. D．more American households are headed by women than ever before. 5．The best title for the passage may be （ ）. A．Results of Feminist Movements B．New influence in American Life C．Counterculture and Its consequence D．Traditional Division of Male and Female Roles. 简答题 5分