1、Directions: Add the affix to each word according to the given Chinese， making changes when necessary. scan 扫描仪 （ ） 填空题 1分

2、intense 强度，密度 （ ） 填空题 1分

3、nutrition 营养不良 （ ） 填空题 1分

4、field 外场 （ ） 填空题 1分

5、relevant 不相干的，不相关的 （ ） 填空题 1分

6、divide 细分，再分（名词） （ ） 填空题 1分

7、plant 移植（组织或器官） （ ） 填空题 1分

8、conscious 下意识地，潜意识地 （ ） 填空题 1分

9、list 得到（……的帮助） （ ） 填空题 1分

10、time 永恒的，永久的 （ ） 填空题 1分

11、Directions: Fill in the blanks， each using one of the given words or phrases below in its proper form. a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 1.I am a little （ ） time over the next few days， but perhaps we could schedule an appointment next week. 填空题 1分

12、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 2.The fire （ ） thick swirling smoke. 填空题 1分

13、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 3.There is （ ） reasons why he didn't get the job 填空题 1分

14、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 4.Don＇t get discouraged by setbacks； we are new to the work （ ）. 填空题 1分

15、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 5.Bamboo shoots （ ) in spring. 填空题 1分

16、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 6.The city council had financed the new building ( ) over twelve million dollars. 填空题 1分

17、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 7.( ) your second question， I am afraid I can give you no information at the moment. 填空题 1分

18、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 8.X in that math equation ( ) an unknown amount. 填空题 1分

19、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 9.She doesn＇t sleep enough， so she always has ( ) fatigue.. 填空题 1分

20、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 10.The police have received the complaint， and they're ( ) It. 填空题 1分

21、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 11.The battery has ( ). 填空题 1分

22、a host of as to run down after all to the tune of regard as give off short of a sense of stand for burst forth look into 12.She is generally ( ) one of the best writers in the country. 填空题 1分

23、Directions: Fill in each blank with a suitable word given below. contain first than protein in remain later with Proteins are nutrients that build and repair body parts. Large parts of tissues-for instance， bone，muscle， and skin-come from (23). Foods such as chicken and other meats， eggs， fish， and nuts supply you (24) protein. Fats are nutrients that supply your body with energy. Fats (25) large amounts of energy. Salad dressing， butter， and cooking oils are foods high (26) fat. Carbohydrates are nutrients that also supply you with energy. What then is the difference between fats and carbohydrates？ The body uses carbohydrates (27) for energy. The body stores fats: that is， it keeps them for (28) use. Then， if necessary， it uses the fats for energy. Foods that contain starches and sugars（for instance， bread and fruit ）supply you with carbohydrates. A person can (29) healthy only if he or she gets the correct amounts of each nutrient. You must not get more or less of a nutrient (30) your body can use. 23.( ) 填空题 1分

24、contain first than protein in remain later with Proteins are nutrients that build and repair body parts. Large parts of tissues-for instance， bone，muscle， and skin-come from (23). Foods such as chicken and other meats， eggs， fish， and nuts supply you (24) protein. Fats are nutrients that supply your body with energy. Fats (25) large amounts of energy. Salad dressing， butter， and cooking oils are foods high (26) fat. Carbohydrates are nutrients that also supply you with energy. What then is the difference between fats and carbohydrates？ The body uses carbohydrates (27) for energy. The body stores fats: that is， it keeps them for (28) use. Then， if necessary， it uses the fats for energy. Foods that contain starches and sugars（for instance， bread and fruit ）supply you with carbohydrates. A person can (29) healthy only if he or she gets the correct amounts of each nutrient. You must not get more or less of a nutrient (30) your body can use. 24.( ) 填空题 1分

25、contain first than protein in remain later with Proteins are nutrients that build and repair body parts. Large parts of tissues-for instance， bone，muscle， and skin-come from (23). Foods such as chicken and other meats， eggs， fish， and nuts supply you (24) protein. Fats are nutrients that supply your body with energy. Fats (25) large amounts of energy. Salad dressing， butter， and cooking oils are foods high (26) fat. Carbohydrates are nutrients that also supply you with energy. What then is the difference between fats and carbohydrates？ The body uses carbohydrates (27) for energy. The body stores fats: that is， it keeps them for (28) use. Then， if necessary， it uses the fats for energy. Foods that contain starches and sugars（for instance， bread and fruit ）supply you with carbohydrates. A person can (29) healthy only if he or she gets the correct amounts of each nutrient. You must not get more or less of a nutrient (30) your body can use. 25.( ) 填空题 1分

26、contain first than protein in remain later with Proteins are nutrients that build and repair body parts. Large parts of tissues-for instance， bone，muscle， and skin-come from (23). Foods such as chicken and other meats， eggs， fish， and nuts supply you (24) protein. Fats are nutrients that supply your body with energy. Fats (25) large amounts of energy. Salad dressing， butter， and cooking oils are foods high (26) fat. Carbohydrates are nutrients that also supply you with energy. What then is the difference between fats and carbohydrates？ The body uses carbohydrates (27) for energy. The body stores fats: that is， it keeps them for (28) use. Then， if necessary， it uses the fats for energy. Foods that contain starches and sugars（for instance， bread and fruit ）supply you with carbohydrates. A person can (29) healthy only if he or she gets the correct amounts of each nutrient. You must not get more or less of a nutrient (30) your body can use. 26.( ) 填空题 1分

27、contain first than protein in remain later with Proteins are nutrients that build and repair body parts. Large parts of tissues-for instance， bone，muscle， and skin-come from (23). Foods such as chicken and other meats， eggs， fish， and nuts supply you (24) protein. Fats are nutrients that supply your body with energy. Fats (25) large amounts of energy. Salad dressing， butter， and cooking oils are foods high (26) fat. Carbohydrates are nutrients that also supply you with energy. What then is the difference between fats and carbohydrates？ The body uses carbohydrates (27) for energy. The body stores fats: that is， it keeps them for (28) use. Then， if necessary， it uses the fats for energy. Foods that contain starches and sugars（for instance， bread and fruit ）supply you with carbohydrates. A person can (29) healthy only if he or she gets the correct amounts of each nutrient. You must not get more or less of a nutrient (30) your body can use. 27.( ) 填空题 1分

28、contain first than protein in remain later with Proteins are nutrients that build and repair body parts. Large parts of tissues-for instance， bone，muscle， and skin-come from (23). Foods such as chicken and other meats， eggs， fish， and nuts supply you (24) protein. Fats are nutrients that supply your body with energy. Fats (25) large amounts of energy. Salad dressing， butter， and cooking oils are foods high (26) fat. Carbohydrates are nutrients that also supply you with energy. What then is the difference between fats and carbohydrates？ The body uses carbohydrates (27) for energy. The body stores fats: that is， it keeps them for (28) use. Then， if necessary， it uses the fats for energy. Foods that contain starches and sugars（for instance， bread and fruit ）supply you with carbohydrates. A person can (29) healthy only if he or she gets the correct amounts of each nutrient. You must not get more or less of a nutrient (30) your body can use. 28.( ) 填空题 1分

29、contain first than protein in remain later with Proteins are nutrients that build and repair body parts. Large parts of tissues-for instance， bone，muscle， and skin-come from (23). Foods such as chicken and other meats， eggs， fish， and nuts supply you (24) protein. Fats are nutrients that supply your body with energy. Fats (25) large amounts of energy. Salad dressing， butter， and cooking oils are foods high (26) fat. Carbohydrates are nutrients that also supply you with energy. What then is the difference between fats and carbohydrates？ The body uses carbohydrates (27) for energy. The body stores fats: that is， it keeps them for (28) use. Then， if necessary， it uses the fats for energy. Foods that contain starches and sugars（for instance， bread and fruit ）supply you with carbohydrates. A person can (29) healthy only if he or she gets the correct amounts of each nutrient. You must not get more or less of a nutrient (30) your body can use. 29.( ) 填空题 1分

30、contain first than protein in remain later with Proteins are nutrients that build and repair body parts. Large parts of tissues-for instance， bone，muscle， and skin-come from (23). Foods such as chicken and other meats， eggs， fish， and nuts supply you (24) protein. Fats are nutrients that supply your body with energy. Fats (25) large amounts of energy. Salad dressing， butter， and cooking oils are foods high (26) fat. Carbohydrates are nutrients that also supply you with energy. What then is the difference between fats and carbohydrates？ The body uses carbohydrates (27) for energy. The body stores fats: that is， it keeps them for (28) use. Then， if necessary， it uses the fats for energy. Foods that contain starches and sugars（for instance， bread and fruit ）supply you with carbohydrates. A person can (29) healthy only if he or she gets the correct amounts of each nutrient. You must not get more or less of a nutrient (30) your body can use. 30.( ) 填空题 1分

31、Directions: Translate the following sentences into English， each using one of the given words or phrases below. Reinforce accessible emerge from beyond one`s comprehension be reminiscent of 1.你们的会谈产生了什么结果？ 简答题 2分

32、Reinforce accessible emerge from beyond one`s comprehension be reminiscent of 2.这一类的报纸往往会增加人们的偏见。 简答题 2分

33、Reinforce accessible emerge from beyond one`s comprehension be reminiscent of 3.经理应该让职员感到平易近人。 简答题 2分

34、Reinforce accessible emerge from beyond one`s comprehension be reminiscent of 4.我真弄不明白他是怎么设法完成它的。 简答题 2分

35、Reinforce accessible emerge from beyond one`s comprehension be reminiscent of 5.你的讲述使我想起我过去的一次经历。 简答题 2分

36、Directions: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. The things that chemists actually do to investigate the properties and reactions of matter vary widely， and are constantly undergoing change as new methods are developed， new equipment vented， and new techniques devised The introduction of the high-speed computer， for example, made It possible to investigate a number of problems that could not previously be tackled. In the past years，with the use of the computer， we have been able to elucidate the structure and function of many proteins and other macromolecules of biological importance. The substances chemists study very widely， and are constantly changing. Because of this it has humorously been suggested that “ chemistry is what chemists do.” PART C: READING COMPREHENSION 简答题 15分

37、Directions: Read through the following passages. Choose the best answer and put the letter in the bracket. （A） No layman， it is probably safe to assume， really understands Einstein ＇s theory of general relativity. Yet it is somewhat unnerving， to say the least， when somebody like MIT＇s Victor Weisskopf， a National Medal of Science winner， claims not to understand it either. ＂It＇s like the peasant who asks the engineer how the steam engine works Weisskopf says. ＂The engineer explains exactly how the steam moves through the engine， how all the parts move， and so on .And when he＇s finished，the peasant says， ＇Yes， I understand all that. But where is the horse？ That`s how I feel about the relativity . I know how it works in great detail， but I don＇t understand where the horse is. Knowledge is not the same as understanding of course. Doctors know how to treat what ails the human body but rarely do they understand in detail how or why their treatments work. Many people know a great deal about quarks and quasars， dinosaurs and jumping genes without claiming to understand them in the least. Even Issac Newton admitted that he never understood gravity something that later earned him Einstein＇s greatest respect. Newton wrote: ＂It is inconceivable that inanimate brute matter should， without the mediation of something else which is not material， operate upon and affect other matter without mutual contact. That gravity should be innate， inherent， and essential to matter， so that one body may act upon another at a distance is to me so great an absurdity that I believe no man who has in philosophical matters a competent faculty of thinking can ever fall into it. Newton was the first to see that the fall of the apple and the orbit of the moon were propelled by the same force: gravity. Both to him and G.W. Leibniz are attributed the development of differential calculus To Newton calculus provided a way to predict the pull of the force of gravity at various distances from the Earth＇s center. Newton knew precisely how gravity behaved； he just did not understand how it worked. But if Newton did not understand gravity， who did？ What does understanding mean， anyway？ It turns out that there is no single answer to that question. In the first place， understanding means literally coming to terms. Confucius said， ＂The beginning of wisdom is calling things by their right names . Yet names alone are hardly enough. As Paul Hewitt， author of the popular college text Conceptual Physics， tells his students， We understand many things， and we have names and labels for these things. And there are many things that we do not understand， and we have names and labels for those things also. It is easy to answer the question＂Why do things fall toward the earth？ ＂ by giving the phenomenon a name， like gravity， or even cured space. Whether or not this suffices for understanding depends entirely on how well you understand what the name represents. 1.The main purpose of the passage is to ( ). 单选题 2分

38、（A） No layman， it is probably safe to assume， really understands Einstein ＇s theory of general relativity. Yet it is somewhat unnerving， to say the least， when somebody like MIT＇s Victor Weisskopf， a National Medal of Science winner， claims not to understand it either. ＂It＇s like the peasant who asks the engineer how the steam engine works Weisskopf says. ＂The engineer explains exactly how the steam moves through the engine， how all the parts move， and so on .And when he＇s finished，the peasant says， ＇Yes， I understand all that. But where is the horse？ That`s how I feel about the relativity . I know how it works in great detail， but I don＇t understand where the horse is. Knowledge is not the same as understanding of course. Doctors know how to treat what ails the human body but rarely do they understand in detail how or why their treatments work. Many people know a great deal about quarks and quasars， dinosaurs and jumping genes without claiming to understand them in the least. Even Issac Newton admitted that he never understood gravity something that later earned him Einstein＇s greatest respect. Newton wrote: ＂It is inconceivable that inanimate brute matter should， without the mediation of something else which is not material， operate upon and affect other matter without mutual contact. That gravity should be innate， inherent， and essential to matter， so that one body may act upon another at a distance is to me so great an absurdity that I believe no man who has in philosophical matters a competent faculty of thinking can ever fall into it. Newton was the first to see that the fall of the apple and the orbit of the moon were propelled by the same force: gravity. Both to him and G.W. Leibniz are attributed the development of differential calculus To Newton calculus provided a way to predict the pull of the force of gravity at various distances from the Earth＇s center. Newton knew precisely how gravity behaved； he just did not understand how it worked. But if Newton did not understand gravity， who did？ What does understanding mean， anyway？ It turns out that there is no single answer to that question. In the first place， understanding means literally coming to terms. Confucius said， ＂The beginning of wisdom is calling things by their right names . Yet names alone are hardly enough. As Paul Hewitt， author of the popular college text Conceptual Physics， tells his students， We understand many things， and we have names and labels for these things. And there are many things that we do not understand， and we have names and labels for those things also. It is easy to answer the question＂Why do things fall toward the earth？ ＂ by giving the phenomenon a name， like gravity， or even cured space. Whether or not this suffices for understanding depends entirely on how well you understand what the name represents. 2.In telling the story about the peasant Victor Weisskopf was ( ). 单选题 2分

39、（A） No layman， it is probably safe to assume， really understands Einstein ＇s theory of general relativity. Yet it is somewhat unnerving， to say the least， when somebody like MIT＇s Victor Weisskopf， a National Medal of Science winner， claims not to understand it either. ＂It＇s like the peasant who asks the engineer how the steam engine works Weisskopf says. ＂The engineer explains exactly how the steam moves through the engine， how all the parts move， and so on .And when he＇s finished，the peasant says， ＇Yes， I understand all that. But where is the horse？ That`s how I feel about the relativity . I know how it works in great detail， but I don＇t understand where the horse is. Knowledge is not the same as understanding of course. Doctors know how to treat what ails the human body but rarely do they understand in detail how or why their treatments work. Many people know a great deal about quarks and quasars， dinosaurs and jumping genes without claiming to understand them in the least. Even Issac Newton admitted that he never understood gravity something that later earned him Einstein＇s greatest respect. Newton wrote: ＂It is inconceivable that inanimate brute matter should， without the mediation of something else which is not material， operate upon and affect other matter without mutual contact. That gravity should be innate， inherent， and essential to matter， so that one body may act upon another at a distance is to me so great an absurdity that I believe no man who has in philosophical matters a competent faculty of thinking can ever fall into it. Newton was the first to see that the fall of the apple and the orbit of the moon were propelled by the same force: gravity. Both to him and G.W. Leibniz are attributed the development of differential calculus To Newton calculus provided a way to predict the pull of the force of gravity at various distances from the Earth＇s center. Newton knew precisely how gravity behaved； he just did not understand how it worked. But if Newton did not understand gravity， who did？ What does understanding mean， anyway？ It turns out that there is no single answer to that question. In the first place， understanding means literally coming to terms. Confucius said， ＂The beginning of wisdom is calling things by their right names . Yet names alone are hardly enough. As Paul Hewitt， author of the popular college text Conceptual Physics， tells his students， We understand many things， and we have names and labels for these things. And there are many things that we do not understand， and we have names and labels for those things also. It is easy to answer the question＂Why do things fall toward the earth？ ＂ by giving the phenomenon a name， like gravity， or even cured space. Whether or not this suffices for understanding depends entirely on how well you understand what the name represents. 3.According to Issac Newton, one of the incredible aspects of gravity is that ( ）. 单选题 2分

40、（A） No layman， it is probably safe to assume， really understands Einstein ＇s theory of general relativity. Yet it is somewhat unnerving， to say the least， when somebody like MIT＇s Victor Weisskopf， a National Medal of Science winner， claims not to understand it either. ＂It＇s like the peasant who asks the engineer how the steam engine works Weisskopf says. ＂The engineer explains exactly how the steam moves through the engine， how all the parts move， and so on .And when he＇s finished，the peasant says， ＇Yes， I understand all that. But where is the horse？ That`s how I feel about the relativity . I know how it works in great detail， but I don＇t understand where the horse is. Knowledge is not the same as understanding of course. Doctors know how to treat what ails the human body but rarely do they understand in detail how or why their treatments work. Many people know a great deal about quarks and quasars， dinosaurs and jumping genes without claiming to understand them in the least. Even Issac Newton admitted that he never understood gravity something that later earned him Einstein＇s greatest respect. Newton wrote: ＂It is inconceivable that inanimate brute matter should， without the mediation of something else which is not material， operate upon and affect other matter without mutual contact. That gravity should be innate， inherent， and essential to matter， so that one body may act upon another at a distance is to me so great an absurdity that I believe no man who has in philosophical matters a competent faculty of thinking can ever fall into it. Newton was the first to see that the fall of the apple and the orbit of the moon were propelled by the same force: gravity. Both to him and G.W. Leibniz are attributed the development of differential calculus To Newton calculus provided a way to predict the pull of the force of gravity at various distances from the Earth＇s center. Newton knew precisely how gravity behaved； he just did not understand how it worked. But if Newton did not understand gravity， who did？ What does understanding mean， anyway？ It turns out that there is no single answer to that question. In the first place， understanding means literally coming to terms. Confucius said， ＂The beginning of wisdom is calling things by their right names . Yet names alone are hardly enough. As Paul Hewitt， author of the popular college text Conceptual Physics， tells his students， We understand many things， and we have names and labels for these things. And there are many things that we do not understand， and we have names and labels for those things also. It is easy to answer the question＂Why do things fall toward the earth？ ＂ by giving the phenomenon a name， like gravity， or even cured space. Whether or not this suffices for understanding depends entirely on how well you understand what the name represents. 4.It seems amazing that （ ）. 单选题 2分

41、（A） No layman， it is probably safe to assume， really understands Einstein ＇s theory of general relativity. Yet it is somewhat unnerving， to say the least， when somebody like MIT＇s Victor Weisskopf， a National Medal of Science winner， claims not to understand it either. ＂It＇s like the peasant who asks the engineer how the steam engine works Weisskopf says. ＂The engineer explains exactly how the steam moves through the engine， how all the parts move， and so on .And when he＇s finished，the peasant says， ＇Yes， I understand all that. But where is the horse？ That`s how I feel about the relativity . I know how it works in great detail， but I don＇t understand where the horse is. Knowledge is not the same as understanding of course. Doctors know how to treat what ails the human body but rarely do they understand in detail how or why their treatments work. Many people know a great deal about quarks and quasars， dinosaurs and jumping genes without claiming to understand them in the least. Even Issac Newton admitted that he never understood gravity something that later earned him Einstein＇s greatest respect. Newton wrote: ＂It is inconceivable that inanimate brute matter should， without the mediation of something else which is not material， operate upon and affect other matter without mutual contact. That gravity should be innate， inherent， and essential to matter， so that one body may act upon another at a distance is to me so great an absurdity that I believe no man who has in philosophical matters a competent faculty of thinking can ever fall into it. Newton was the first to see that the fall of the apple and the orbit of the moon were propelled by the same force: gravity. Both to him and G.W. Leibniz are attributed the development of differential calculus To Newton calculus provided a way to predict the pull of the force of gravity at various distances from the Earth＇s center. Newton knew precisely how gravity behaved； he just did not understand how it worked. But if Newton did not understand gravity， who did？ What does understanding mean， anyway？ It turns out that there is no single answer to that question. In the first place， understanding means literally coming to terms. Confucius said， ＂The beginning of wisdom is calling things by their right names . Yet names alone are hardly enough. As Paul Hewitt， author of the popular college text Conceptual Physics， tells his students， We understand many things， and we have names and labels for these things. And there are many things that we do not understand， and we have names and labels for those things also. It is easy to answer the question＂Why do things fall toward the earth？ ＂ by giving the phenomenon a name， like gravity， or even cured space. Whether or not this suffices for understanding depends entirely on how well you understand what the name represents. 5.What can be said about names for things?（ ） 单选题 2分

42、Directions: Read through the following passages. Choose the best answer and put the letter in the bracket. (B) In the geocentric perspective from which humans viewed the solar system, its nature and structure were long misperceived. The apparent motions of solar system objects as viewed from a moving Earth were believed to be their actual motions about a stationary Earth. In addition, many solar sys- tem objects and phenomena are not directly sensible by humans without technical aids. Thus, both conceptual and technological advances were required in order for the solar system to be correctly understood. The first and most fundamental of these advances was the Copernican Revolution, which adapts a heliocentric model for the motions of the planets. Indeed, the term" solar system" " itself derives from this perspective. But the most important consequences of this new perception came not try central position of the Sun, Du mom the orbital position of the Earth, which suggested that the Earth was itself a planet. This was the first indication of the true nature of the planets. Also, the lack perceptible stellar parallax despite the earths orbital motion indicated the extreme remoteness fixed stars, which prompted the speculation that they could be objects similar to the Sun, perhaps with planets of their own. Since the start of the space age，a great deal of exploration has been performed by unmanned space missions that have been organized and executed by various space agencies. The first probe to land on another planet or moon was the Soviet Union` s Luna 2 probe， which impacted on the moon in 1959. Since then， Increasingly distant planets have been reached， with probes landing on venus in 1965， Mars in 1976， and Saturn` s moon Titan in 2005. Spacecrafts have also made close approaches to other planets: Mariner 10 passed Mercury in 1973， while the Voyager probes performed a grand tour of the solar system following their launch in 1977， with both probes passing Jupiter in 1979 and Saturn in 1980-1981. Voyager 2 then went on to make close approaches to Uranus in 1986 and Neptune in 1989. The Voyager probes are now far beyond Pluto＇s orbit， and astronomers anticipate that they will encounter the heliopause which defines the outer edge of the solar system in the next few years. Through these unmanned missions， we have been able to get close-up photographs of most of the planets and， in the case of landers， perform tests of their soil and atmosphere. Manned exploration， mean- while， has only taken human beings as far as the Moon， in the Apollo program. The last manned landing on the moon took place in 1972， but the recent discovery of ice in deep craters in the polar regions of the moon has prompted speculation that mankind may return to the moon in the next decade or so. The long- mooted manned mission to Mars does not currently look like coming to fruition in the near future. 6.What is the main idea of the passage？（ ） 单选题 2分

43、(B) In the geocentric perspective from which humans viewed the solar system, its nature and structure were long misperceived. The apparent motions of solar system objects as viewed from a moving Earth were believed to be their actual motions about a stationary Earth. In addition, many solar sys- tem objects and phenomena are not directly sensible by humans without technical aids. Thus, both conceptual and technological advances were required in order for the solar system to be correctly understood. The first and most fundamental of these advances was the Copernican Revolution, which adapts a heliocentric model for the motions of the planets. Indeed, the term" solar system" " itself derives from this perspective. But the most important consequences of this new perception came not try central position of the Sun, Du mom the orbital position of the Earth, which suggested that the Earth was itself a planet. This was the first indication of the true nature of the planets. Also, the lack perceptible stellar parallax despite the earths orbital motion indicated the extreme remoteness fixed stars, which prompted the speculation that they could be objects similar to the Sun, perhaps with planets of their own. Since the start of the space age，a great deal of exploration has been performed by unmanned space missions that have been organized and executed by various space agencies. The first probe to land on another planet or moon was the Soviet Union` s Luna 2 probe， which impacted on the moon in 1959. Since then， Increasingly distant planets have been reached， with probes landing on venus in 1965， Mars in 1976， and Saturn` s moon Titan in 2005. Spacecrafts have also made close approaches to other planets: Mariner 10 passed Mercury in 1973， while the Voyager probes performed a grand tour of the solar system following their launch in 1977， with both probes passing Jupiter in 1979 and Saturn in 1980-1981. Voyager 2 then went on to make close approaches to Uranus in 1986 and Neptune in 1989. The Voyager probes are now far beyond Pluto＇s orbit， and astronomers anticipate that they will encounter the heliopause which defines the outer edge of the solar system in the next few years. Through these unmanned missions， we have been able to get close-up photographs of most of the planets and， in the case of landers， perform tests of their soil and atmosphere. Manned exploration， mean- while， has only taken human beings as far as the Moon， in the Apollo program. The last manned landing on the moon took place in 1972， but the recent discovery of ice in deep craters in the polar regions of the moon has prompted speculation that mankind may return to the moon in the next decade or so. The long- mooted manned mission to Mars does not currently look like coming to fruition in the near future. 7.Which of the following is true according to the Copernican Revolution？（ ） 单选题 2分

44、(B) In the geocentric perspective from which humans viewed the solar system, its nature and structure were long misperceived. The apparent motions of solar system objects as viewed from a moving Earth were believed to be their actual motions about a stationary Earth. In addition, many solar sys- tem objects and phenomena are not directly sensible by humans without technical aids. Thus, both conceptual and technological advances were required in order for the solar system to be correctly understood. The first and most fundamental of these advances was the Copernican Revolution, which adapts a heliocentric model for the motions of the planets. Indeed, the term" solar system" " itself derives from this perspective. But the most important consequences of this new perception came not try central position of the Sun, Du mom the orbital position of the Earth, which suggested that the Earth was itself a planet. This was the first indication of the true nature of the planets. Also, the lack perceptible stellar parallax despite the earths orbital motion indicated the extreme remoteness fixed stars, which prompted the speculation that they could be objects similar to the Sun, perhaps with planets of their own. Since the start of the space age，a great deal of exploration has been performed by unmanned space missions that have been organized and executed by various space agencies. The first probe to land on another planet or moon was the Soviet Union` s Luna 2 probe， which impacted on the moon in 1959. Since then， Increasingly distant planets have been reached， with probes landing on venus in 1965， Mars in 1976， and Saturn` s moon Titan in 2005. Spacecrafts have also made close approaches to other planets: Mariner 10 passed Mercury in 1973， while the Voyager probes performed a grand tour of the solar system following their launch in 1977， with both probes passing Jupiter in 1979 and Saturn in 1980-1981. Voyager 2 then went on to make close approaches to Uranus in 1986 and Neptune in 1989. The Voyager probes are now far beyond Pluto＇s orbit， and astronomers anticipate that they will encounter the heliopause which defines the outer edge of the solar system in the next few years. Through these unmanned missions， we have been able to get close-up photographs of most of the planets and， in the case of landers， perform tests of their soil and atmosphere. Manned exploration， mean- while， has only taken human beings as far as the Moon， in the Apollo program. The last manned landing on the moon took place in 1972， but the recent discovery of ice in deep craters in the polar regions of the moon has prompted speculation that mankind may return to the moon in the next decade or so. The long- mooted manned mission to Mars does not currently look like coming to fruition in the near future. 8.In the 20th century， spacecrafts reached the planets EXCEPT （ ）. 单选题 2分

45、(B) In the geocentric perspective from which humans viewed the solar system, its nature and structure were long misperceived. The apparent motions of solar system objects as viewed from a moving Earth were believed to be their actual motions about a stationary Earth. In addition, many solar sys- tem objects and phenomena are not directly sensible by humans without technical aids. Thus, both conceptual and technological advances were required in order for the solar system to be correctly understood. The first and most fundamental of these advances was the Copernican Revolution, which adapts a heliocentric model for the motions of the planets. Indeed, the term" solar system" " itself derives from this perspective. But the most important consequences of this new perception came not try central position of the Sun, Du mom the orbital position of the Earth, which suggested that the Earth was itself a planet. This was the first indication of the true nature of the planets. Also, the lack perceptible stellar parallax despite the earths orbital motion indicated the extreme remoteness fixed stars, which prompted the speculation that they could be objects similar to the Sun, perhaps with planets of their own. Since the start of the space age，a great deal of exploration has been performed by unmanned space missions that have been organized and executed by various space agencies. The first probe to land on another planet or moon was the Soviet Union` s Luna 2 probe， which impacted on the moon in 1959. Since then， Increasingly distant planets have been reached， with probes landing on venus in 1965， Mars in 1976， and Saturn` s moon Titan in 2005. Spacecrafts have also made close approaches to other planets: Mariner 10 passed Mercury in 1973， while the Voyager probes performed a grand tour of the solar system following their launch in 1977， with both probes passing Jupiter in 1979 and Saturn in 1980-1981. Voyager 2 then went on to make close approaches to Uranus in 1986 and Neptune in 1989. The Voyager probes are now far beyond Pluto＇s orbit， and astronomers anticipate that they will encounter the heliopause which defines the outer edge of the solar system in the next few years. Through these unmanned missions， we have been able to get close-up photographs of most of the planets and， in the case of landers， perform tests of their soil and atmosphere. Manned exploration， mean- while， has only taken human beings as far as the Moon， in the Apollo program. The last manned landing on the moon took place in 1972， but the recent discovery of ice in deep craters in the polar regions of the moon has prompted speculation that mankind may return to the moon in the next decade or so. The long- mooted manned mission to Mars does not currently look like coming to fruition in the near future. 9.What is implied about the Voyager probes？（ ） 单选题 2分

46、(B) In the geocentric perspective from which humans viewed the solar system, its nature and structure were long misperceived. The apparent motions of solar system objects as viewed from a moving Earth were believed to be their actual motions about a stationary Earth. In addition, many solar sys- tem objects and phenomena are not directly sensible by humans without technical aids. Thus, both conceptual and technological advances were required in order for the solar system to be correctly understood. The first and most fundamental of these advances was the Copernican Revolution, which adapts a heliocentric model for the motions of the planets. Indeed, the term" solar system" " itself derives from this perspective. But the most important consequences of this new perception came not try central position of the Sun, Du mom the orbital position of the Earth, which suggested that the Earth was itself a planet. This was the first indication of the true nature of the planets. Also, the lack perceptible stellar parallax despite the earths orbital motion indicated the extreme remoteness fixed stars, which prompted the speculation that they could be objects similar to the Sun, perhaps with planets of their own. Since the start of the space age，a great deal of exploration has been performed by unmanned space missions that have been organized and executed by various space agencies. The first probe to land on another planet or moon was the Soviet Union` s Luna 2 probe， which impacted on the moon in 1959. Since then， Increasingly distant planets have been reached， with probes landing on venus in 1965， Mars in 1976， and Saturn` s moon Titan in 2005. Spacecrafts have also made close approaches to other planets: Mariner 10 passed Mercury in 1973， while the Voyager probes performed a grand tour of the solar system following their launch in 1977， with both probes passing Jupiter in 1979 and Saturn in 1980-1981. Voyager 2 then went on to make close approaches to Uranus in 1986 and Neptune in 1989. The Voyager probes are now far beyond Pluto＇s orbit， and astronomers anticipate that they will encounter the heliopause which defines the outer edge of the solar system in the next few years. Through these unmanned missions， we have been able to get close-up photographs of most of the planets and， in the case of landers， perform tests of their soil and atmosphere. Manned exploration， mean- while， has only taken human beings as far as the Moon， in the Apollo program. The last manned landing on the moon took place in 1972， but the recent discovery of ice in deep craters in the polar regions of the moon has prompted speculation that mankind may return to the moon in the next decade or so. The long- mooted manned mission to Mars does not currently look like coming to fruition in the near future. 10.According to the passage， since the start of the space age， spacecrafts have reached the  planets for （ ） times. 单选题 2分

47、Directions: Read the following passage， and then fill in the table with the information based on the passage. From the 1940s to the present， the technology used to build computers has gone through several revolutions. People sometimes speak of different generations of computers， with each generation using a different technology. THE FIRST GENERATION    First-generation computers prevailed in the 1940s and for much of the 1950s. They used vacuum tubes for calculation， control， and sometimes for memory as well. Vacuum tubes are bulky， unreliable， energy-consuming， and generate large amounts of heat. As long as computers were tied down vacuum tube technology， they could only be made bulky， cumbersome and expensive. THE SECOND GENERATION In the late 1950s， the transistor became available to replace the vacuum tube. A transistor， which is only slightly larger than a kernel of corn，generates little heat and enjoys long life. THE THIRD GENERATION    The early 1960s saw the introduction of integrated circuits， which incorporated hundreds of transistors on a single silicon chip. The chip itself was small enough to fit n the end of your finger； after being mounted in a protective package， it still would fit in the palm of your hand. With integrated circuits， computers could be made even smaller， less expensive， and more reliable. 47.（  ） 填空题 2分

48、From the 1940s to the present， the technology used to build computers has gone through several revolutions. People sometimes speak of different generations of computers， with each generation using a different technology. THE FIRST GENERATION    First-generation computers prevailed in the 1940s and for much of the 1950s. They used vacuum tubes for calculation， control， and sometimes for memory as well. Vacuum tubes are bulky， unreliable， energy-consuming， and generate large amounts of heat. As long as computers were tied down vacuum tube technology， they could only be made bulky， cumbersome and expensive. THE SECOND GENERATION In the late 1950s， the transistor became available to replace the vacuum tube. A transistor， which is only slightly larger than a kernel of corn，generates little heat and enjoys long life. THE THIRD GENERATION    The early 1960s saw the introduction of integrated circuits， which incorporated hundreds of transistors on a single silicon chip. The chip itself was small enough to fit n the end of your finger； after being mounted in a protective package， it still would fit in the palm of your hand. With integrated circuits， computers could be made even smaller， less expensive， and more reliable. 48.（   ） 填空题 2分

49、From the 1940s to the present， the technology used to build computers has gone through several revolutions. People sometimes speak of different generations of computers， with each generation using a different technology. THE FIRST GENERATION    First-generation computers prevailed in the 1940s and for much of the 1950s. They used vacuum tubes for calculation， control， and sometimes for memory as well. Vacuum tubes are bulky， unreliable， energy-consuming， and generate large amounts of heat. As long as computers were tied down vacuum tube technology， they could only be made bulky， cumbersome and expensive. THE SECOND GENERATION In the late 1950s， the transistor became available to replace the vacuum tube. A transistor， which is only slightly larger than a kernel of corn，generates little heat and enjoys long life. THE THIRD GENERATION    The early 1960s saw the introduction of integrated circuits， which incorporated hundreds of transistors on a single silicon chip. The chip itself was small enough to fit n the end of your finger； after being mounted in a protective package， it still would fit in the palm of your hand. With integrated circuits， computers could be made even smaller， less expensive， and more reliable. 49.（   ） 填空题 2分

50、From the 1940s to the present， the technology used to build computers has gone through several revolutions. People sometimes speak of different generations of computers， with each generation using a different technology. THE FIRST GENERATION    First-generation computers prevailed in the 1940s and for much of the 1950s. They used vacuum tubes for calculation， control， and sometimes for memory as well. Vacuum tubes are bulky， unreliable， energy-consuming， and generate large amounts of heat. As long as computers were tied down vacuum tube technology， they could only be made bulky， cumbersome and expensive. THE SECOND GENERATION In the late 1950s， the transistor became available to replace the vacuum tube. A transistor， which is only slightly larger than a kernel of corn，generates little heat and enjoys long life. THE THIRD GENERATION    The early 1960s saw the introduction of integrated circuits， which incorporated hundreds of transistors on a single silicon chip. The chip itself was small enough to fit n the end of your finger； after being mounted in a protective package， it still would fit in the palm of your hand. With integrated circuits， computers could be made even smaller， less expensive， and more reliable. 50.（   ） 填空题 2分

51、From the 1940s to the present， the technology used to build computers has gone through several revolutions. People sometimes speak of different generations of computers， with each generation using a different technology. THE FIRST GENERATION    First-generation computers prevailed in the 1940s and for much of the 1950s. They used vacuum tubes for calculation， control， and sometimes for memory as well. Vacuum tubes are bulky， unreliable， energy-consuming， and generate large amounts of heat. As long as computers were tied down vacuum tube technology， they could only be made bulky， cumbersome and expensive. THE SECOND GENERATION In the late 1950s， the transistor became available to replace the vacuum tube. A transistor， which is only slightly larger than a kernel of corn，generates little heat and enjoys long life. THE THIRD GENERATION    The early 1960s saw the introduction of integrated circuits， which incorporated hundreds of transistors on a single silicon chip. The chip itself was small enough to fit n the end of your finger； after being mounted in a protective package， it still would fit in the palm of your hand. With integrated circuits， computers could be made even smaller， less expensive， and more reliable. 51.（   ） 填空题 2分

52、Directions: Write a passage（ 150-200 words） in English on the following title. Develop he idea according to the Chinese outline given below. Should Private Cars Be Encouraged in China？ （1）中国的私家车越来越多； （2）有人认为中国应该鼓励发展私家车，因为？ （3）也有人反对发展私家车，理由是？ 简答题 15分