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chapter 17-12

1、Many Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate(文盲). Many (1) do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The (2) Brazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a year, less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries. Argentines, their neighbours, (3) 18th.   The government and businesses are all struggling in different ways to change this. On March 13 the government (4) a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things.   One discouragement to reading is that books are (5). Most books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.   But Brazilians’ indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the country’s leaders long (6) education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s.   All this means that Brazil's book market has the biggest growth (7) in the western world.   But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004, 289 million, including textbooks (8) by the government, than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil’s national library (9). He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites (白蚁)had eaten much of the (10). That ought to be a cause for national shame. A)average      B)collection    C)distributed    D)exhibition    E)expensive     F)launched     G)named       H)neglected I)normal J)particularly K)potential L)quit M)ranked N)simply O)treasured 简答题 10分

2、Directions: Read the text below. Write an essay in about 120 words, in which you should summarize the key points of the text and make comments on them. Try to use your own word. All of us should keep a kitchen diary, showing how much food is left uneaten as garbage. In China, enough food is wasted in restaurants every year to feed 200 million people. In the United States, 40 percent of food is wasted from farm to fork. Each year, the amount of food thrown away in rich countries is almost the same as that produced in sub-Saharan Africa. This raises some important questions. In developing countries, food is lost because farmers do not have appropriate cooling, storage or market access for their crops. Their grains, fruits and vegetables dry up and rot away. In developed countries, the picture is different, and food is wasted in supermarkets, restaurants and at home. China faces both problems, significant losses in farms, as well as at the sale and consumption stages. And the amount of food wasted by Chinese consumers is rapidly increasing. Consumer culture has filled China and urban residents can get quality food from anywhere in the country and from across the planet. Chinese consumers are as particular about their food as those in other countries. In supermarkets, they refuse to buy vegetables that don't look fresh or have an irregular shape, or milk and other products close to their expiry date. Should Chinese consumers take more responsibility for the waste they create? Everyone deserves to have enough food to eat. Despite China' s impressive success in reducing hunger over the past three decades, the job is not completed yet. 简答题 10分

3、There is the job advertisement looking for a teacher to teach foreign children Chinese from a newspaper and suppose you want to apply for the job. Write a letter of application to Mr. J. Malloy, and give all the necessary personal information. Your letter should include: (1)reasons for your application (2)a request for an interview You should write approximately 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter. Use "Wang Lin" instead. 简答题 10分

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