1、I．Fill in the blanks in each sentence taken from the textbooks with the words or expressions shown below. 　　I had the lonely child's habit of （1） stories and holding conversations with （2) persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and (3). I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing (4） facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my （5） in everyday life. 填空题 5分

2、II．There are four choices marked A,B,C, and D for each incomplete sentence. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Lack of sleep has （ ） her concentration. 单选题 1分

3、This project may help you to understand how much time your child needs to （ ） for her homework. 单选题 1分

4、III．Translate the following sentences into Chinese. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely， and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. 简答题 2分

5、I had the lonely child＇s habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons. 简答题 2分

6、So it is clear what kind of books I wanted to write， in so far as I could be said to want to write books at that time. 简答题 2分

7、I wanted to write enormous naturalistic novels with unhappy endings， full of detailed descriptions and arresting similes，and also full of purple passages in which words were used partly for the sake of their sound. 简答题 2分

8、No book is genuinely free from political bias. 简答题 2分

9、IV．Translate the following sentences into English. 我之所以给出这些背景知识是因为我认为，如果不了解一个作家的早期发展情况，就无法评价他的写作动机。他写作的主题由他生活的时代所决定——至少在像我们所处的时代这样动荡不安的革命年代中是这样。 简答题 2分

10、先不说写作是为了养家糊口，我认为写作有四个主要动机，至少写散文是如此。 简答题 2分

11、大概17岁到24岁期间，我试图放弃这个念头，这样做的同时我清楚这违背了我的本性，我知道自己迟早都要安定下来写作。 简答题 2分

12、一个人越是意识到了自己的政治倾向，就越有机会在把作品政治化的同时不损害美和智慧的完整性。 简答题 2分

13、一个人除非不断努力抹擦自己的个性，不然是写不出可读的作品的。 简答题 2分

14、V．There are four choices marked A, B, C and D for each incomplete sentence. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 　　Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don't always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don't mean anything except “ I'm letting off some steam. I don't really want you to pay close attention to what I'm saying. Just pay attention to what I'm feeling.” Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, “This step has to be fixed before I'll buy.” The owner says, “ It's been like that for years.” Actually, the step hasn't been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: “ I don't want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can't you?” The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said. 　　When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friend's unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing a pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says “No!” to a serials of charges like “You're dumb,” “You're lazy,” and “You're dishonest,” may also say “No!” and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is “And you're good looking.” 　　We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, “It sure has been nice to have you over,” can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes. 1．Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners, if （ ）. A．they use proper words to carry their ideas. B．they both speak truly of their own feelings. C．they try to understand each other's ideas beyond words. D．they are capable of associating meaning with their words. 2．“I'm letting off some steam” in paragraph 1 means （ ）. A．I'm just calling your attention. B．I'm just kidding. C．I'm just saying the opposite. D．I'm just giving off some sound. 3．The house-owner's example shows that he actually means （ ）. A．the step has been like that for years. B．he doesn't think it necessary to fix the step. C．the condition of the step is only a minor fault. D．the cost involved in the fixing should be shared. 4．Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if （ ）. A．linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness. B．seen as one's habitual pattern of behavior. C．taken as part of an ordering sequence. D．expressed to a series of charges. 5．The word “ritualistically” in the last paragraph equals something done （ ）. A．without true intention. B．light-heartedly. C．in a way of ceremony. D．with less emphasis. 简答题 5分